Kubernetes BootKamp

Course Outline

Day 1 : Kubernetes basics
AM: Understanding Containers in Depth
Topics:
• What containers are and the benefits they provide
• How containers are constructed
• The differences between layers, images, and containers
• What does immutability really mean
• The core Linux functionalities that containers are based on
• How containers reuse code
• The differences between containers and VMs
• What Docker really does
• Storage drivers
• Overlay file systems
• Docker security
• The Open Container Initiative
• Kubernetes Container Runtime Interface
• Container engines - containerd and CRI-O
• Container runtimes - runC and dockerd
• Container CLI tools – Podman, Buildah, Kaniko
• What it really means that Kubernetes isn’t using Docker anymore
Hands-on labs:

• Building Docker images

• Running multiple images together

• Tagging and pushing images
  PM: Understanding Kubernetes

Topics:
• Overview of Kubernetes and how it uses container images
• Architecture of a cluster
• Kubernetes command-line interface
• Major types of objects used in a cluster
• Basic YAML file format for specifying Kubernetes objects
• How deployments in Kubernetes work with replicas and pods
• Learning about connecting and interacting with Kubernetes through services, ports,
ingresses
• Managing secure and insecure information with secrets and configmaps
• How persistent storage works with Kubernetes
Hands-on labs

• Exploring and deploying into Kubernetes
• Working with services and ports
• Working with secrets and configmaps
• Working with persistent storage - persistent volumes and claims

Day 2 : Kubernetes Management
AM: Kubernetes Orchestration and Monitoring
Topics:
• What is Helm? Basic concepts and function. Helm charts
• Using custom values and functions in Helm charts
• What is Kustomize? Basic concepts and function. How does Kustomize differ from Helm?
• Working with variants, overlays, and bases to create different versions of K8s manifests
• Brief introduction to Kubernetes monitoring with Prometheus and Grafana
Hands-on labs

• Working with Helm

• Templating with Helm

• Run a basic Kustomize example

• Creating variants

• Using Prometheus and Grafana to monitor your Kubernetes cluster and workloads
  PM: Workload Scheduling and Management
  Topics:
  • Understanding Kubernetes liveness and readiness probes
  • Defining and using Kubernetes Quotas
  • Node affinity – requirements and preferences for scheduling pods
  • Using taints to repel pods and tolerations to ignore taints
  • How RBAC and security contexts work
  Hands-on labs

• Working with Kubernetes Probes

• Working with Quotas

• Scheduling and Nodes

• Working with Taints and Tolerations

• Working with Security Contexts and RBAC

Day 3: Diving Deep
AM: Troubleshooting and debugging applications running in Kubernetes
Topics:
• Most common types of startup errors – ErrImagePull, ImagePullBackOff, CrashLoopBackoff,
etc.
• Using Kubernetes events and watches to figure out what is going on
• What to do when your container crashes or fails
• Using the Kubernetes exec and debug commands
• Adding a debugging pod to your pod
• Starting your container with a different command to execute
• Using the set-image command to change the image running in your container
• Leveraging the Kubernetes exec command to understand what’s going on in a pod
• Troubleshooting services (DNS, network traffic, etc.)
Hands-on labs

• Identify and remediate issues with system resources when trying to get pods scheduled
  on nodes

• Identify and remediate issues with getting scheduled on particular nodes and debug
  and fix why a pod won’t start up

• Troubleshoot failed containers within pods and how to spin up pods to debug them

• Troubleshoot how to determine the problem(s) when your service isn’t accessible
  PM: Creating a Kubernetes Operator to learn about controllers, custom resources, and
  interacting with the Kubernetes API
  Topics:
  • The Kubernetes Operator Pattern
  • What makes a good use case for an operator; what doesn’t
  • What’s a custom resource (CR)?; How does it relate to a custom resource definition
  (CRD)?
  • Deep dive into the controller code; how to generate one and add custom logic to it for
  the custom functions of your object
  • The types of objects that are used in deploying an Operator; the key parts of the RBAC
  setup

Hands-on labs

• Create an Operator with the Operator SDK
• Add and update custom resources
• Add the controller and custom logic
• Deploy the Kubernetes manifests and run the Operator